ENTOMOLOGY 135

INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

Microbial Control

1. Introduction

1. Basic premise.
2. Native vs. exotic insect pests.

2. Manipulation of natural enemies.

1. Inoculative release.
2. Inundative release.
3. Commercially available biological-control agents.
4. Genetic improvement.

3. Manipulation of both enemy and pest.

4. Modification of the environment.

1. Alternate hosts.
2. Supplemental foods.
3. Others.

5. Harmony with chemical control.

1. Effects of insecticides on predators and parasites.
2. Selective insecticides.
3. Selective use of nonselective insecticides.

References:

• Croft, B. A. 1989. Arthropod Biological Control Agents and Pesticides. Wiley. New York.
• Hoy, M. A. and D. C. Herzog (Editors). 1985. Biological Control in Agricultural IPM Systems. Academic Press. New York. (on reserve).
• Hussey, N. W. and N. Scopes (Editors). 1985. Biological Pest Control: The Glasshouse Experience. Cornell Univ. Press. Ithaca.
• Rabb, R. L., R. E. Stinner and R. van den Bosch. 1976. Conservation and Augmentation of Natural Enemies. Ch. 10 In Theory and Practice of Biological Control. C. B. Huffaker and P. S. Messenger (Editors). Academic Press. New York. (on reserve).
• Ridgway, R. L. and S. B. Vinson (Editors). 1977. Biological Control by Augmentation. Plenum. New York.

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