HOOKWORMS

CLASS: SECERNENTEA

ORDER: STRONGYLIDA

FAMILY: ANCYLOSTOMATIDAE

Characteristics:


EGG (DRAWING)
EGG (PHOTO)
ADULT FEMALE (DRAWING)
JUVENILES (DRAWING)
ADULT MALE (DRAWING)
HEAD (PHOTO)
HEAD (PHOTO)
HEAD (PHOTO)
ADULT FEEDING (PHOTO)
MALE TAIL (PHOTO)
MALE TAIL (PHOTO)
MALE TAIL (PHOTO)
JUVENILES (PHOTO)


Historical: Old World hookworm - discovered by accident in 1896 by a researcher spilling a culture onto his hand. Noticed itching and redness, examined his feces at intervals, found hookworm eggs.


Distribution: Has a more temperate distribution than the New World Hookworm.


Importance: Over 900 million people infected.


Life Cycle:


Symptoms/Pathogenicity:

  1. Itching following penetration by juveniles
  2. Congestion in lungs
  3. Anemia
  4. Diarrhea
  5. Debilitation

Management:

  1. Sanitation in disposal of feces
  2. Treat anemia
  3. Wearing shoes in endemic areas
  4. Drug therapy

Diagnosis - eggs or worms in feces.

Hookworm juveniles (pointed tail) are similar to Strongyloides (notched tail)


Ancylostoma caninum

Common name - dog and cat hookworm

JUVENILES (DRAWING)

Most common hookworm of dogs and cats in northern hemisphere.

Humans are an aberrant host - infection results in creeping eruption or cutaneous larva migrans from lost juveniles which have penetrated skin.


Ancylostoma braziliense

Common name - dog and cat hookworm

MALE AND FEMALE (PHOTO)

Common in tropics.

Also causes creeping eruption in humans.


Life Cycle:

Direct. Similar to A. duodenale except infection by ingestion is common and some J3 enter skeletal muscles and then enter an arrested state of development. Become reactivated in pregnant dogs and infect puppies prenatally or through milk.


Management: Clean quarters, feces removal, expose quarters to sunshine, anthelmintic treatment, diet.

SELECTED WWW SITES:

ATLAS OF MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY http://www.cdfound.to.it/HTML/atlas.htm

http://martin.parasitology.mcgill.ca/jimspage/biol/hookworm.htm


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